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Viola vallicola - sagebrush violet

Scientific Family
Violaceae
Other common names
valley violet
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Native
Lifecycle
Perennial
Height
To 7 inches
Riparian
No

Plants highly variable in leaf shape and hairiness, some leaves are widest at mid-point and then gradually taper to stem; others are more abruptly shortened at the base above the stem.

Stems erect; basal leaves simple, 1 to 11, bases often squared off, sometimes taper to a tip; stems leafy; flower petals 5, bright yellow, 3 lower brownish-purple veined, upper 2 can be brownish, styles bearded (hairy); fruit a round capsule.

Habitat

Sagebrush flats, prairie grasslands, open forests, juniper woodlands.

Plant Community
Desert Scrub
Interior Chaparral
Montane Conifer Forest
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Grasslands
Low elevation
1300
High elevation
9200

Flower Characteristics

1 to few flowers from base, stalks 1/2 to 3/4 inch long, spur short; 5 petals, upper ones brownish on the back, lower 3 lined with brownish-purple on the inside, side pair hairy; style head hairy, lobed to rounded.

Flower color
Yellow, brownish-purple, brownish
Flower shape
Irregular
Tubular
No
First bloom month
May
Last bloom month
July
Flower clusters
None

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Stems bending to erect; leaf blades hairless to sparsely hairy, oval to lance-like, more or less straight or almost square at base, 3/4 to 2 inches long, smooth to shallowly blunt-toothed.

Leaf type
Simple
Leaf color
Green
Leaf shape
Round or oval
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Basal
Leaves clasp
No
Leaf hairs
Leaves
Spines
No

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Sphere-shaped, 1/4 inch, hairless or soft hairs.

Fruit type
Capsule

Tan, 1/16 inch, with a fleshy, oil-rich structure attached to seeds (elaiosome) that attracts ants to disperse the seeds.