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Urochloa maxima - guineagrass

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Synonyms
Megathyrsus maximus, Panicum maximum
Other common names
brown top buffel grass
buffalo grass
colonial grass
Tanganyika grass
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
No

Grass Description

Origin
Introduced
Season
Warm

A common and widespread weed of crops, orchards, vineyards, roadsides, and riparian areas. Listed as invasive in most areas.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Low elevation
0
High elevation
3500

General Description

Densely tufted clumps with rhizomes and stolons. Erect stems are infrequently branched, cylindrical, slightly flattened at the base and streaked with white wax at the nodes and internodes. Nodes are usually also densely hairy.

Light green, large bunches from stout rhizomes up to 12 feet tall; stem nodes densely hairy; seedhead of ascending, spreading branches up to 2 feet long, branchlets short, bearing clustered awnless spikelets, noticeably unequal glumes; ¼ inch ligules.

Grass type
Perennial bunchgrass
Rhizomes
Yes
Stolons
Yes
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
Yes
Bushy - highly branched
No
Height with Seedheads
Greater than 36 inches
Seedhead Structure
Branched - open and spreading
Seedhead droops
No
First bloom month
May
Last bloom month
August

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
Multi-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
No
Awns
Absent
Three Awns
No
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

Seedhead is up to 12 inches long and usually highly branched. Branches are ascending to spreading, the lowest are arranged in a whorl. Spikelets are 2-flowered with one sterile and one fertile floret. Spikelets are brick red when mature.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
No
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat

Smooth leaf blades are 5 to 15 inches long, 1/2 to 1-1/4 inches wide and taper to a sharp point. Leaves are light green, green or bluish-green.

Sheath is hairy
Yes
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
Yes
Ligule
Membranous and hairy
Auricles
No

This is a fast growing and leafy grass which is palatable to livestock with good nutritional value.