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Typha domingensis - southern cattail

Scientific Family
Typhaceae
Synonyms
Typha angustifolia
Other common names
narrowleaf cattail
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Native
Lifecycle
Perennial
Similar species
Typha latifolia
Height
To 6 feet
Riparian
Yes

Stems erect, cylindric and pithy; plants emerge from water in aquatic environments; spread by rhizomes; leaves yellowish-green, alternate along the stems, with sheathing bases; 6 to 9 leaves per stem.

Flower spikes have 1/2 to 1-1/2 inches gap between male and female flowers; leaves narrow, light yellowish-green, 1/4 to 3/4 inch wide, blade cross sections slightly crescent-moon shaped.T. latifolia no gap in flower spike and wider, flat leaves.

Habitat

Marshy areas in shallow water and at marshy areas at lake edges.

Plant Community
Riparian
Low elevation
1000
High elevation
5500

Flower Characteristics

Male flowers form on a clublike spike towards top of plant and are yellowish and minute; female flowers light brown, form in a brownish cylinder beneath male flowers.

Flower color
Yellow, light brown
Flower shape
Inconspicuous
Tubular
No
First bloom month
June
Last bloom month
September
Flower clusters
Elongated

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Leaves erect, strap-like; 6 feet long by 1/4 to 3/4 inch wide.

Leaf type
Simple
Leaf color
Light yellowish-green
Leaf shape
Narrow
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Whorl
Leaves clasp
Yes
Leaf hairs
None
Spines
No

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Exceeded by and hidden among pistil hairs, very light brown, apex rounded.

Fruit type
Feathery
Fruit color
Light brown

Numerous seeds produced.