Skip to main content

Tribulus terrestris - puncturevine

Scientific Family
Zygophyllaceae
Other common names
goat's head
puncture-weed
ground bur-nut
tackweed
torrito
bull-head
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Introduced
Lifecycle
Annual
Height
2 inches
Riparian
No

Prostrate plant trails up to 2-1/2 feet long, branched from the base and hairy. Spines of fruit are sharp enough to puncture bicycle tires and are painful to bare feet. Can also become embedded in fur and fabric.

Mat-forming annual with diffused, branching stems; leaves opposite, with 3 to 9 pairs of elliptic or oblong leaflets; flowers solitary in axils of leaves, flowers of 5 sepals and 5 pale yellow petals; flowers produce spiny nutlets.

Habitat

Cultivated areas, along roads, disturbed sites.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Low elevation
0
High elevation
7000

Flower Characteristics

Solitary flowers in axils of smaller or abortive leaves, stems shorter than the subtending leaf; 5 sepals and 5 pale yellow petals .

Flower color
Yellow
Flower shape
Regular
Tubular
No
First bloom month
March
Last bloom month
October
Flower clusters
None

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Leaf is pinnately compound to 2 inches long with leaflets to 1/2 inch long, lowest pair of leaflets unequal in size.

Leaf type
Compound
Leaf color
Dark green
Leaf shape
Round or oval
Leaf margin
Toothed
Leaf attachment
Opposite
Leaves clasp
No
Leaf hairs
Leaves & stems
Spines
No

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Capsules break into 5 spiny nutlets, each with 2 larger spines; after separation the vicious tacklike nutlets land with larger spines upward. Two-spined segment resembles a goat's head with horns.

Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit color
Brownish-gray

Nutlets or "seeds" are hard and have a pair of 1/4 inch long sharp spines.