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Salsola tragus - prickly Russian thistle

Scientific Family
Chenopodiaceae
Synonyms
Salsola iberica, Salsola kali, Salsola australis, Salsola pestifer, Salsola ruthenica
Other common names
Russian thistle
tumbleweed
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Introduced
Lifecycle
Annual
Height
1/2 to 4 feet
Riparian
No

Erect and profusely branched plant with solitary flowers in the leaf axils. Not a true thistle. Plants become tumble weeds at maturity.

Many-branched hairy reddish striped stems; young plants have succulent stems and leaves that harden with age; leaves alternate, without stems, thread-like, sharp-tipped; solitary pink and white flowers in leaf axils, no petals; small shiny black seeds.

Habitat

Widespread on disturbed ground.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Low elevation
0
High elevation
8000

Flower Characteristics

Flowers minute, and without petals, perfect (male and female flower parts), sepals pink and white. They grow in the axils of leaves in the upper branches.

Flower color
Pink and white
Flower shape
Regular
Tubular
No
First bloom month
May
Last bloom month
October
Flower clusters
Elongated

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Early leaves are up to 2 inches long, string-like and soft. Later leaves are narrow and sharp-tipped.

Leaf type
Simple
Leaf color
Grayish-green
Leaf shape
Narrow
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Alternate
Leaves clasp
No
Leaf hairs
Stems
Spines
Yes

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

1-seeded (utricle), surrounded by the persistent, often winged sepals. Seed capsules look like pink or orange flowers.

Fruit type
Other
Fruit color
Pink or orange

Tiny seeds are shiny black. Seeds spread as mature plants break off at ground level and are scattered by the wind as tumbleweeds. Rapid germination and seedling establishment occur after only brief and limited amounts of precipitation.