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Populus fremontii - Fremont cottonwood

Scientific Family
Salicaceae
Synonyms
Populus macdougallii
Other common names
Fremont's cottonwood
cottonwood
Plant type
Trees
Riparian
Yes

Plant Description

Origin
Native
Similar species
Populus angustifolia, Populus xhinkleyana

Tall, upright form with a broad, flat-topped crown. Hybridizes with Populus angustifolia to produce Populus xhinkleyana and with Populus tricocarpa to produce Populus parryi. May have a lifespan of more than 130 years.

Large tree, open crown, whitish bark deeply furrows with age. Leaf blades as wide or wider than long, stems flat, triangular, coarsely and irregularly toothed, smooth and bright green. Long catkins; each flower subtended by a deep cup-shaped disc.

Height
110 feet
Width
to 60 feet

Habitat

Habitat description

Found along streams and in wet or intermittently wet areas in woodlands and forests.

Plant Community
Riparian
Low elevation
0
High elevation
6100

Leaves

Leaf color
Yellowish-green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf shape
Triangular
Leaf margin
Toothed
Leaf attachment
Alternate
Leaf hairs
None
Spines
No
Leaf Drop
Deciduous

Shiny, broadly triangular and pointed to 2-1/2 inches long by 3 inches wide with coarsely toothed margins. Base of leaf is nearly straight. In autumn leaves turn golden yellow before falling.

Flowers

Flower color
Yellowish-green
Flower shape
Inconspicuous
Tubular
No
First bloom month
March
Last bloom month
June

Male and female flowers on separate trees; borne on long, slender loosely flowered catkins. Each tiny flower is subtended by a deeply cup-shaped disc.

Flower clusters
Elongated

Fruit

Fruit color
Light brown
Fruit type
Capsule

Small egg-shaped capsules each split into 2 to 4 parts to disseminate numerous, small fuzzy, white cottony seeds.

Bark/Branches

Bark color
Grayish-brown to light brown
Bark texture
Rough

Branches on young trees are grayish-brown, thin and smooth. Bark on old trees is light brown, thick and deeply furrowed. Trunks can be up to 4 feet in diameter but are often less.