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Juniperus deppeana - alligator juniper

Scientific Family
Cupressaceae
Synonyms
Juniperus deppeana var. pachyphlaea, J. deppeana subsp. sperryi, J. deppeana var. sperryi, J. mexicana, J. pachyderma
Plant type
Trees
Riparian
Yes

Plant Description

Origin
Native

Upright. Short trunk with a wide spreading rounded or pyramidal crown. Grows slowly. Young trees look similar to other junipers. Found in dry hills and mesas.

Usually single-trunked; bark divided into rectangular plates, branchlets erect. Leaves on mature branches scale-like, not overlapping, not white on upper surface. Seed cones with 3 to 6 seeds, fibrous to woody of 2 distinct sizes, maturing in 2 years.

Height
40 feet
Width
20 feet

Habitat

Habitat description

Found in pinyon-juniper, pine-oak, juniper-oak, ponderosa pine on dry rocky slopes and riparian woodlands.

Plant Community
Interior Chaparral
Montane Conifer Forest
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Riparian
Low elevation
4500
High elevation
8000

Leaves

Leaf color
Blue-green, green
Leaf type
Scales
Leaf shape
Other
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Other
Leaf hairs
None
Spines
No
Leaf Drop
Evergreen

2 leaf types, whip and scale-like; whip leaves <1/4 inch long, not white-coated on top surface; scalelike leaves less than 1/16 inch long, not overlapping, keeled, apex pointed. Dense on branches. Often have drops of resin.

Flowers

Flower shape
Other
Tubular
No

Gymosperm, does not have flowers.

Flower clusters
None

Fruit

Fruit color
Bluish-gray
Fruit type
Cone or cone-like

Male cones small pale yellow in large clusters at ends of twigs. Berry-like females cones round, to 1/2 inch, bluish-gray, fleshy with 3 to 4 seeds, maturing in second year. Male and female cones usually on separate trees.

Bark/Branches

Bark color
Gray, reddish-brown
Bark texture
Rough

Checkered, thick and deeply furrowed alligator-like bark distinctive in mature trees. Bark broken into square plates from 1 to 2 inches. Trunk to 4 feet in diameter. Reddish-brown twigs slender and somewhat angular. Twigs quadrate (4-sided).