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Hordeum murinum - mouse barley

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Other common names
farmer's foxtail
foxtail barley
squirrel grass
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
Yes

Grass Description

Origin
Introduced
Season
Cool

Weed of moist disturbed soils below 9,000 ft.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Riparian
Low elevation
0
High elevation
9000

General Description

Grass clumps are loose tufts of erect stems that branch and spread from the base. Plant surfaces may be smooth or hairy.

Spikelets arranged in a bilateral spike, 3 spikelets per node, central with a fertile floret, lateral spikelets staminate; lemmas of the central florets subequal to those of the lateral florets; lateral lemmas with awns 1/8 to 1/2 inch long.

Grass type
Annual
Rhizomes
No
Stolons
No
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
No
Bushy - highly branched
No
Height with Seedheads
12 inches or more
Seedhead Structure
Unbranched
Seedhead droops
No
First bloom month
April
Last bloom month
June

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
One-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
No
Awns
1/4 inch to 1 inch
Three Awns
No
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

Seedhead spikes are green, turning purplish just before maturity. Seedhead stems are erect and often partly enclosed in the inflated upper sheath. Spikelets 3 per node, sessile or sub-sessile, central with a fertile floret, lateral spikelets staminate.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
Yes
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat

Leaves are flat, occasionally with involute margins, without hairs or sometimes sparsely hairy, sometimes rough to the touch, blue-green, or gray, or with white glands.

Sheath is hairy
Yes
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
No
Ligule
Membranous
Auricles
Yes

This grass provides palatable early forage for stock and wildlife but also causes serious injury to animals once the seedheads dry and harden.