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Euphorbia eriantha - beetle spurge

Scientific Family
Euphorbiaceae
Synonyms
Euphorbia exclusa, Poinsettia eriantha
Other common names
threaded spurge
desert poinsettia
Mexican poinsettia
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Native
Lifecycle
Annual
Height
4 to 30 inches
Riparian
No

Stems erect to ascending; smooth, or hairy becoming smooth with age; narrow leaves at right angles to stems; flowers at branch tips; fruits relatively large when compared to rest of plant; foliage may be dark in color, greenish-purplish-reddish.

Stems erect to ascending; leaf blades narrow, margins smooth, 2 to 4 small teeth at tips; 23 to 36 male flowers in 5 clusters surround 1 female flower, styles red; glands green to brownish-red, hairy, appendages narrow, pointed, curving over the glands.

Habitat

Found on dry soils on hot, rocky slopes, along washes, in canyons, in the shelter of small shrubs.

Plant Community
Desert Scrub
Low elevation
300
High elevation
3500

Flower Characteristics

Flowers solitary or a few clustered at branch tips; 23 to 36 male flowers, generally in 5 clusters around a solitary female flower; 3 red styles; 4 to 5 green to brownish-red glands obscured by hairs; 5 to 7 petal-like appendages curving over the glands.

Flower color
Green, brownish-red
Flower shape
Regular
Tubular
No
First bloom month
February
Last bloom month
October
Flower clusters
Rounded

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Alternate, narrow, 3/4 to 3 inches long, 2 to 4 small teeth at pointed tips, margins smooth, surfaces hairy, becoming hairless with age, leaf blades with short stalks and minute, leaf-like appendages at base of stalk; visible midvein.

Leaf type
Simple
Leaf color
Greenish-reddish-purplish
Leaf shape
Narrow
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Alternate
Leaves clasp
No
Leaf hairs
Leaves & stems
Spines
No

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Oblong, 3-lobed (the lobes not obvious) capsules, 1/4 inch long, plainly longer than wide, with hairy surfaces.

Fruit type
Capsule

Seeds white to gray, 1/4 inch long, flattened top to bottom, 4-angled, wart-like surfaces, irregularly pitted (small depressions) and an obvious caruncle (appendage at seed attachment).