Skip to main content

Euphorbia bilobata - blackseed spurge

Scientific Family
Hydrophyllaceae
Synonyms
Zygophyllidium bilobatum
Plant type
Forbs and Subshrubs
Origin
Native
Lifecycle
Annual
Height
8 to 16 inches
Riparian
Yes

Slender, erect, short, soft hairs; usually arising from single stem, much branched, stems branching in 2s; narrow, smooth leaves; flower clusters of 5 small bracts, 5 nectar glands, 5 male flowers around single female flower; white petal-like appendages.Â

Abundant in wet years, slender erect annual; flower clusters of 1 female, 5 male flowers, white, triangular petal-like appendages, deeply 2-lobed, green glands; leaves to 2 inches long, ends narrow, margins smooth, opposite, stipules gland-like.

Habitat

Sandy and rocky soils on slopes and canyon bottoms in pine-juniper woodlands, oak woodlands, grasslands, creekbeds and on moist slopes.

Plant Community
Grasslands
Interior Chaparral
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Riparian
Low elevation
3500
High elevation
6000

Flower Characteristics

Flower clusters at leaf nodes, 5 bracts form a cup-like base which contains 5 nectar glands, 1 female flower surrounded by 5 male flowers; white petal-like appendages, twice as long as glands, bilobed (deeply 2-lobed), divided in 2 parts at base.

Flower color
White
Flower shape
Regular
Tubular
No
First bloom month
August
Last bloom month
October
Flower clusters
Rounded

Leaf and Stem Characteristics

Opposite, narrow with pointed tip, smooth margins without teeth, 1/4 to 2 inches long; top of leaf sparsely covered with stiff bristles to fine, silky hairs; bottom surface usually smooth; no venation, only midvein conspicuous.

Leaf type
Simple
Leaf color
Green
Leaf shape
Narrow
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Opposite
Leaves clasp
No
Leaf hairs
Leaves & stems
Spines
No

Fruit and Seed Characteristics

Smooth capsules.

Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit color
Green

Seeds brown to grayish-black, narrowly egg-shaped, 3- or 4-angled in cross section, sometimes obscurely so, tuberculate (covered with warts), often with shallow depressions.Â