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Cenchrus spinifex - coastal sandbur

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Synonyms
Cenchrus incertus, Cenchrus parviceps, Cenchrus pauciflorus
Other common names
field sandbur
grass bur
Southern sandbur
spiny burgrass
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
No

Grass Description

Origin
Native
Season
Warm

Dry sandy soil, disturbed sites.

Plant Community
Desert Scrub
Disturbed Areas
Grasslands
Interior Chaparral
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Low elevation
2000
High elevation
6000
Similar species
Cenchrus tribuloides, Cenchrus longispinus

General Description

Plants are annuals or short-lived perennials. Weak spreading stems form mats with deep, well-developed roots. Growth starts early, adding to the competitiveness of this weedy grass.

Annual with spreading seedhead stems; simple spike-like seedheads of spiny burs; burs sometimes crowded on the seedhead, representing 2 spikelets that have coalesced and have many flat spines; flat blades; sometimes freely branching and forming mats.

Grass type
Annual
Rhizomes
No
Stolons
No
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
No
Bushy - highly branched
No
Height with Seedheads
Less than 12 inches
Seedhead Structure
Unbranched
Seedhead droops
No
First bloom month
June
Last bloom month
November

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
Multi-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
No
Awns
Absent
Three Awns
No
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

Seedheads are dense, compact spikes bearing 12 to 27 stiff, spiny burs. Spikelets are usually two-flowered and purplish.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
Yes
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat
Folded

Blades are flat or folded. Stems are somewhat flattened and often purplish colored at the base. Stems are often bent and jointed.

Sheath is hairy
Yes
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
Yes
Ligule
Membranous and hairy
Auricles
No

Poor palatability for wildlife, but the song bird Pyrrhuloxia eats the seeds.