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Bouteloua eriopoda - black grama

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Synonyms
Chondrosum eriopodum
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
No

Grass Description

Origin
Native
Season
Warm

Thrives best in open grasslands on dry, gravelly or sandy soils. Grows in dry plains, foothills, and open forested slopes, often in shrubby habitats, and also in waste ground.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Interior Chaparral
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Grasslands
Low elevation
3000
High elevation
5500
Similar species
Bouteloua gracilis, Bouteloua hirsuta

General Description

Sprawling, wiry, thin, weak stems covered with fine hairs. Stems are bent and spreading, lower internodes are densely hairy. Seedheads have 4 to 5 comb-like branches. Stoloniferous and often rhizomatous. Frequently grows in almost pure stands.

Tufted perennial with hard crown, wiry stolons, hairy-felty, trailing, mostly basal stems. Leaves small, sheaths shorter than internodes, one to many short, 1-sided spikes. Lemma bearded at base tapering to a terminal awn <3 mm and 2 smaller lateral awns.

Grass type
Perennial mat or sod-forming
Rhizomes
Yes
Stolons
Yes
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
No
Bushy - highly branched
Yes
Height with Seedheads
12 inches or more
Seedhead Structure
Branched - comblike
Seedhead droops
No
First bloom month
July
Last bloom month
October

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
Multi-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
Yes
Awns
Less than 1/4 inch
Three Awns
Yes
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

Seedheads 3/4 to 6 inches long, with 3 to 8 primary branches. Fertile lemma is bearded at base, tapering to a stout terminal awn <1/8 inch long and reduced lateral awns. Sterile floret is reduced to a lemma with 3 long awns <1/2 inch long.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
Yes
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat
Involute – rolled inward on upper surface

Blades 3/4 to 3 inches long and <1/8 inch wide, flat or involute and twisted at the tips. Upper leaf surfaces are hairy.

Sheath is hairy
Yes
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
Yes
Ligule
Hairy
Auricles
No

Black grama is considered excellent forage for all livestock classes and wildlife.