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Bouteloua dactyloides - buffalograss

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Synonyms
Buchloe dactyloides, Bulbilis dactyloides, Sesleria dactyloides
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
No

Grass Description

Origin
Native
Season
Warm

Dry sandy limestone soils. Often used as a substitute for turf grasses. Wide spread in the plains, rare in Arizona but found in Coconino and Yavapai counties.

Plant Community
Desert Scrub
Grasslands
Interior Chaparral
Pinyon Juniper Woodlands
Low elevation
0
High elevation
5500
Similar species
Hilaria berlangeri

General Description

Strongly stoloniferous grass, sometimes sod-forming, 4 to 6 inches high. Male and female flowers usually borne on separate plants. Male seedheads have 2 or 3 comb-like branches. Female seedheads much shorter than male.

Perennial, slender and erect stems, may form mats, usually male and female plants. Female seedheads shorter than male, spikelets bur-like. Male spikelets 1/8 inch long in two rows on one side of the seedhead axis, 1 to 3 branches per seedhead.

Grass type
Perennial mat or sod-forming
Rhizomes
No
Stolons
Yes
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
No
Bushy - highly branched
No
Height with Seedheads
Less than 12 inches
Seedhead Structure
Unbranched
Seedhead droops
No
First bloom month
June
Last bloom month
October

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
Multi-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
Yes
Awns
Less than 1/4 inch
Three Awns
Yes
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

Male seedheads are erect with 2 or 3 side branches bearing 2-flowered spikelets in two rows. Female spikelets are 1-flowered burs on short stems, partially hidden among the leaves. Florets are unawned or very short awned.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
Yes
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat

Leaves are flat with inrolled tips, <6 inches long and 1/8 inch wide, grayish-green or bluish-green in color, smooth without hairs or sparsely soft-hairy.

Sheath is hairy
Yes
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
Yes
Ligule
Membranous and hairy
Auricles
No

Buffalograss is utilized by all classes of livestock and wildlife. It is considered good quality forage and nutritional qualities do not decline significantly during curing.