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Avena sativa - common oat

Scientific Family
Poaceae
Plant type
Grasses
Riparian
No

Grass Description

Origin
Introduced
Season
Cool
Warm

Dry wasteland, especially on heavier soils. Roadsides, fields, railroads, and other disturbed places.

Plant Community
Disturbed Areas
Low elevation
1000
High elevation
7500
Similar species
A. fatua

General Description

Oats have a fibrous root system. Stems are erect, smooth, and hollow. The leaves are narrow. The primary seedhead branches are drooping. The spikelets (clustered units of flowers and bracts) are solitary and pendulous.

Spikelets are mostly 2-flowered, lemma awns are straight and not twisted, often reduced; lemmas are glabrous while the lemmas of A. fatua are long-hairy on their back; florets do not easily fall from the glumes.

Grass type
Annual
Rhizomes
No
Stolons
No
Clump Diameter 2 ft or more
No
Bushy - highly branched
No
Height with Seedheads
Greater than 36 inches
Seedhead Structure
Branched - open and spreading
Seedhead droops
Yes
First bloom month
June
Last bloom month
July

Flower Characteristics

Flowers per Spikelet
Multi-flowered
Spikelets One-Sided
No
Awns
Less than 1/4 inch
Three Awns
No
Awns bent
No
Flower and Seedhead Notes

The seedhead is open, pyramidal, loosely spreading, nodding, 7 to 15 inches long and 2 to 6 inches wide. Spikelets have 2 or 3 wedge-shaped fertile florets, overlapping glumes; attach to main seedhead by thin stems and stay on the seedhead at maturity.

Vegetative Characteristics

Blade is hairy
No
Blade margins white
No
Blade cross-section
Flat

Leaves are cauline (arise from the upper part of the stem). Leaf-blades are 5 to 15 inches long and less than 1/2 inch wide. The leaf-blade surface is minutely rough-textured on both sides. The tip of the leaf-blade tapers to a point.

Sheath is hairy
No
Tufts of hair top of sheath or collar
No
Ligule
Membranous
Auricles
No

Oats are high in protein, carbohydrates and fiber. Both the grain and fodder are utilized by grazing animals. The forage yield and forage feeding value of the harvested crop change as the oat plant matures through its growth stages.