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Abies concolor - white fir

Scientific Family
Pinaceae
Synonyms
Abies grandis var. concolor, Picea concolor, Abies concolor var. bajacalifornica, Abies concolor var. martinezi, Abies lowiana var. viridula
Other common names
concolor fir
balsam fir
white balsam
silver fir
Plant type
Trees
Riparian
No

Plant Description

Origin
Native
Similar species
Abies grandis (grand fir)

Forms a perfect pyramid when young and growing in the open. Large fir with a silvery bluish-green, narrow crown. Branches at crown are short, symmetrical and horizontal. Densely clothed with branches nearly to the ground. Trunk diameter of 2 to 3 feet.

Tree with a spire-like crown that becomes rounder with age. Twigs without hairs when young; grayish-green cones; leaf resin ducts near epidermis; needles spirally arranged but appear 2-ranked; gray bark thickens with age into deep longitudinal furrows.

Height
80 to 100 feet
Width
20 to 30 feet

Habitat

Habitat description

Rocky slopes, coniferous forests.

Plant Community
Montane Conifer Forest
Low elevation
5500
High elevation
9000

Leaves

Leaf color
Bluish-green, grayish-green
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf shape
Narrow
Leaf margin
Smooth
Leaf attachment
Whorl
Leaf hairs
None
Spines
No
Leaf Drop
Evergreen

Needles are pale bluish-green or grayish-green, flat to 3 inches long, spreading and curved upward; appear to be in 2 rows but are actually spirally arranged.

Flowers

Flower shape
Other
Tubular
No

Gymnosperm, does not have flowers.

Flower clusters
None

Fruit

Fruit color
Yellow-green to dark red
Fruit type
Cone or cone-like

Male and female cones on same tree; male (pollen) cones less than 1/2 inch long, dark red, sometimes yellow; female (seed) cones oblong-cylindric, up to 5 inches long, yellowish-green, broadly winged, point upward in the top branches.

Bark/Branches

Bark color
Gray
Bark texture
Rough

Young trees have a smooth and light gray bark with broken blisters of resin or "balsam". Old trees have an light gray and deeply furrowed, thick bark.